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This Pride Month, let’s count the wins for queer and trans rights
The Indian Express | 2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Pride Month is here again. The country is waiting with bated breath for the Supreme Court’s verdict on the marriage equality case. This has been one of the most widely watched cases regarding queer rights in Indian history. While we wait, it is important to not lose sight of other important events that marked a year since last June. It is a chance to take stock of progress made and opportunities lost, and plan for a future that is more just and inclusive.One landmark moment was the apex court’s expansion of the definition of women in the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act to include transgender persons, especially trans masculine and non-binary people. They are now legally entitled to avail of abortion services. In light of the increasingly restrictive abortion legislation in countries like the US, this was a judicial benchmark.The apex court also took several measures to make the judicial system queer-inclusive. It expanded its Gender Sensitisation and Internal Complaints Committee to include queer non-binary lawyers. It came out with a module for sensitisation of the judiciary on the LGBTQIA+ community, and other small steps, like creating universal restrooms in the court complex, were also much appreciated.When it comes to the health of transgender people, the Government of India expanded the ambit of Ayushman Bharat and included transgender persons through the TG Plus card which entitles them to health and gender-affirming services. An increasing number of health insurance companies are now offering spouse benefits to same-sex couples. There has also been progress in making medical curricula queer-inclusive.Some noise was generated over the recruitment of transgender persons in Maharashtra Police, after a petition was filed on the matter. The government decided to come out with criteria for physical standards for transgender applicants for constable and driver posts. However, of the 73 transgender applicants, none could make it to the police. Hopefully, things will change soon.Inroads were made in the political representation of transgender persons. Bobi Kinnar became Delhi’s first transgender municipal councillor, winning from Sultanpuri on an AAP ticket. Sonu Kinnar, another transgender person, also made history by becoming president of Nagar Palika Panchayat of Chandauli, Uttar Pradesh.While the NALSA judgment paved the way for the legal recognition of transgender persons and allowed them to change their name and gender in records even without medical intervention, the Transgender Persons Act insisted on medical/surgical intervention to change gender. But in India, laws are often not implemented on the ground. In a case before the Rajasthan High Court, a transgender man took his employer to court for not allowing change of name and gender in their records despite having undergone surgery. The court’s judgment not only reiterated the right of every individual to assert and affirm their identified gender but also went beyond the Transgender Act to instruct the state government to create mechanisms at the district level for grievance redressal.Transgender people often face difficulty in accessing public spaces. The Karnataka government’s recent decision to allow transgender people free bus travel was much needed. It must now also focus on the safety of transgender persons in the state.Amidst this legislative, judicial, and political progress, something that brought smiles to faces was a Starbucks ad featuring a transgender woman and depicting her reunion with her estranged father. While we celebrate such successes, we must be cognisant of the pending demands of the community. There is still no central law banning unscientific, inhuman, and traumatising conversion therapy in India. There is no regulation of sex-normalising surgeries for intersex children. The long pending demand of the transgender community for horizontal reservations needs sincere deliberations and actions. The Transgender Persons Act has many provisions that are yet to be realised though the rules came more than two years ago — for example, making transgender welfare boards, notifying rules, transgender protection cells, etc. The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment which started the SMILE scheme for transgender people and set up a few shelter homes called Garima Grehs is facing flak for restricting funding to the existing shelters.While this Pride Month will see a lot of rainbow washing, one must not forget that Pride is political. We are still a nation in which queer people do not have equal rights. As the queer community takes pride in its existence and survival against all odds, society as a collective must ensure that every citizen enjoys the full spectrum of rights. Only then can we truly celebrate pride as a nation.The writer is associate professor, Department of Community Medicine, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, Delhi and director, Human Solidarity Foundation

This Pride Month, let’s count the wins for queer and trans rights
Wrestlers have fought battles to challenge male order, our national character
The Indian Express | 2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

In December 2022, I attended a large-scale mela(fair) organised by members of a north Indian agricultural caste. The mela was intended to showcase the community’s cultural heritage. Women danced in a variety of traditional clothing and recited folk songs in the local language; stalls sold foods said to be common fare in the community; and large billboards displayed photos and information about historical figures belonging to the caste. Perhaps the most popular of all exhibitions was the one involving the nal, a hollow stone cylinder that has been an important part of the exercise regime of kushti (traditional wrestling) in rural India.The event was organised in the form of a competition: Young men competed to see who could jerk-lift and hold upright the heaviest nal with one hand for the longest period. The all-male audience enthusiastically applauded each move and each competitor was cheered on enthusiastically.Pehlwani (Indian wrestling) and the activities associated with it have been a fundamental aspect of the cultures of masculinities in rural India. Perhaps of all indigenous sporting traditions, wrestling has been the most potent site of the construction of manhood. Elaborate customs and regulations surround men’s associations with the traditional akhara and each, in different ways, serves to produce, reproduce and transmit ideas regarding manhood, relations between men and those between men and women.Wrestlers are prescribed a careful diet, rich in fat and calories. Ghee, nuts and milk are crucial components of the diet and there are complex theories about how these convert into blood and semen, each sustaining and furthering wrestlers’ strength and masculine identity. Within regimes of exercise common to wrestling, there is also a strong discourse regarding men learning to control their bodies. The ways in which they breathe and their capacity to turn energies towards desirable rather than “wasteful” ends form a strong aspect of the idea of masculine control and, in turn, male identity.And, of course, wrestling cannot be understood without coming to grips with the role of the guru — the male head of an akhara who oversees multiple aspects of the lives of his chelas or disciples. The gurus represent the inviolability of the chain of male command, an aspect that both builds upon broader social norms and also contributes to it. In very real ways, the guru enjoys a similar status as that of the most popular deity of wrestling: Hanuman.Diet, ideas of control and the fraternity that is produced through interactions with each other and unquestioning respect for the guru have characterised wrestling as a site of masculine cultures par excellence. In resource poor environments, a diet rich in fat and calories is reserved for men’s leisure activities; men are seen to possess the capacity for exercising control and “balance” that women are said to lack; the guru’s authority stands in for that of the father. These have been significant aspects that feed into cultures of masculinity.It is from this social context that the young women who filed two FIRs alleging sexual harassment against Wrestling Federation of India chief and BJP MP Brij Bhushan Sharan Singh come. It may be a world that is changing but the norms of masculinity — the opportunities they provide to men and the restrictions imposed on women — remain largely intact. It is also to this world that the women wrestlers protesting against the alleged sexual harassment suffered by their colleagues belong. What is remarkable with respect to both groups is their fundamental questioning of three types of hierarchies and restrictions.The first concerns restrictions upon male and female bodies. Female wrestlers confront a very particular kind of male horror: Women who “act like men”. For this disrupts the relationship between men as well as men and women. This is a psychic horror that men are schooled in and grow into and forms the basis of masculine identity. In urban India, there are changes (the increasing number of men and women who frequent gyms, for example), however cultures of the body in rural India remain strongly masculine. The women who filed the FIR and those protesting in their support are part of an extraordinary cohort that challenges not just the gender codes of wrestling, but some very fundamental social norms that surround them. Their journeys and aspirations are remarkable in as much as they might not have the structures of social support their urban counterparts might enjoy. It is courage of an extraordinary level.The second aspect concerns the implicit debate regarding the idea of the public and the identity of those who may pass unmolested in the public sphere. The nature of the actions by the protesting women wrestlers and those who filed the FIR is also a questioning of the age-old taboo regarding women as public beings and the kind of behaviour expected of them. In seeking to fulfill their aspirations — as men do — women wrestlers question their prescribed identity of “gentleness” and its confinement in domestic spaces. They problematise the idea that their achievements must track along male notions of female behaviour and identity.Women wrestlers are a challenge to our ideas that the public sphere is largely a male one and that women who seek equality within it — through refusing to stick to “feminine” activities — must learn to put up with some level of harassment and hostility. Male office holders of an association that oversees a traditionally male sport might have problems coming to terms with this.Women frequently hesitate to file police complaints that relate to sexual harassment, fearing the “reputational” consequences of such action. In light of this, the actions of those who filed the FIR in question and others such as Vinesh Phogat, Sakshi Malik and Sangeeta Phogat are nothing short of a fundamental questioning of who we are as a people and how seriously we are willing to reflect upon the restrictions on women and the impunity enjoyed by men.It is also a questioning of a particular aspect of national character: Is national pride only about winning medals and ignoring the actual lives of those who secure the medals in the face of extraordinary social restrictions and odds? Women wrestlers might have enhanced national pride but the lack of large-scale public support for them suggests that we haven’t exactly covered ourselves in glory.The writer is British Academy Global Professor, Department of Anthropology and Sociology SOAS, University of London

Wrestlers have fought battles to challenge male order, our national character
Message to NRIs: Rahul Gandhi demonises past, Modi needs more for future
The Indian Express | 2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
2 days ago | 08-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Rahul Gandhi’s tour of the US centred on words like love and affection. He invoked Gandhi. And Buddha, Guru Nanak, Basava and Ambedkar. He certainly appeared peaceful in his speeches. Even when he criticised his opponents, he did not betray anger. His focus was on the future.His opponents’ attention though, he insisted, was on the past. Mahatma Gandhi’s assassin Nathuram Godse, he claimed, was obsessed about going back to the past and really just very angry about himself. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the BJP, and RSS too, are all, according to Rahul Gandhi, obsessed with the past. Like driving while looking entirely at the rear-view mirror, he said. Like blaming the past Congress government when confronted with a heartbreaking tragedy like the massive train accident in Odisha. The packed audience in New York appeared to erupt in laughter at that jibe.But it wasn’t just the recent past that was diagnosed as a problem. Rahul Gandhi’s adviser, Sam Pitroda, listed Ram, Hanuman, and temples as examples of an unproductive obsession with the past.What I would like to debate here is not whether Pitroda was being Hinduphobic as some channels have charged, or if Rahul Gandhi was being dishonest about historical facts, but the capture of discourse, imagination, and ultimately lived experience by a certain kind of propaganda about time. Propaganda in this context is not just about facts, but also about our relationship with each other in time, with generational continuity.This too was implicitly a problem for Rahul Gandhi. If India’s (Hindu) past was a problem, India’s future seemed to require its erasure. Showering praise on NRIs, he said that the reason they were successful here was because they adopted American customs, that they (at least his supporters), were assimilated.You do well here because you left the past behind and India isn’t doing well because they are not leaving the past behind. That seems to be the gist of it.One can debate the past, but to directly demonise one’s ancestral bonds, affections, and memories is dangerous terrain, examples of which are many in colonial history. (The experience of Native American children in the forced boarding schools being perhaps the most tragic one.)There is, however, another aspect to the role of propaganda in breaking intergenerational ties. Modern totalitarian ideologies and monotheistic religions have relied not only on demonising the past as “savage” or “primitive” but also on usurping for themselves a monopoly on intergenerational transmission.In the South Asian context, there is a telling example for the Rahul Gandhi-Pitroda school from Venkat Dhulipala’s masterful study, Creating a New Medina. In the pre-Partition days, it was not the RSS’s idea of the past that provoked opposition from the Muslim League but the inclusive Gandhian ideals of the Wardha Scheme instead. The Muslim League’s Pirpur report argued that the Wardha Scheme would bring in “Gandhian totalitarianism” and subject Muslim children to brainwashing akin to Stalin’s USSR and Mussolini’s Italy.Intergenerational cultural reproduction was clearly a priority for the Muslim League and it won its ground (incidentally, Dhulipala’s discussion about the Madras Muslim League and its demand for “Moplahstan” is also relevant now given Rahul Gandhi’s confident assertion that the Muslim League was a secular party).Given this history, one wonders if Rahul Gandhi and Sam Pitroda’s positing of the past as a master trope in their diaspora campaign comes from a place of fresh thinking (let alone love), and given the rather obvious anti-Hindu wolf-whistling, who their ideological audience really is.As for the event’s possible impact, there are a couple of things to consider. On the one hand, it might be the case that more people in America watched The Kerala Story last weekend than Rahul Gandhi, and that should tell his campaign something. On the other, even if the numbers are with Modi, the fact that many US institutions including universities and their South Asia Studies programmes seem to share the Gandhi-Pitroda view of the Hindu past, might well prove to be a leveller in the long run.Finally, one might also consider Prime Minister Modi’s spectacular stadium events in the diaspora. I asked my Twitter followers if they saw benefits for NRIs from these events. Some people said that Modi’s visits had brought real policy changes. Others shared the warmth and joy they felt there. One critic, though, said that instead of “showing a stand” (on matters of importance to the diaspora), the PM’s speeches merely put on “a show for the stands”.One can attest to all of these, and wonder for how long these feel-good speeches about famous local mithai can fill in for the absence of a real vision that bridges the promised future and the forever kept on opportunistic half-boil past.In the diaspora, the intergenerational fall-out of this ineptitude has been intense. In the past nine years, many parents who cheered for the leader of their dreams lost the respect of their children by failing to engage in an informed debate with them, especially on the Trump-Modi spectacle. Such parents blame liberal arts professors instead of their own political culture.Ultimately, whether one is in India or the diaspora, or supports the BJP or Congress, there is a bigger issue our polarised times distract us from. The problem of propaganda isn’t specific to one side. At an intragenerational level, we might even ride it out in our lifetimes. But at an inter-generational level, the consequences will be devastating. New technologies, coupled with old ideologies (and some old but enduring dynasties), are going to create a sea of lost adults with neither a past nor a future to draw strength from.The writer is professor of media studies at the University of San Francisco

Message to NRIs: Rahul Gandhi demonises past, Modi needs more for future
  • Congress Spent Over Rs 130 Crore On Gujarat, Himachal Polls
  • Ndtv

    The Congress wrested power from the BJP in Himachal Pradesh.New Delhi: The Congress spent over Rs 130 crore for contesting the Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh assembly polls held late last year, according to an expenditure report submitted by the party to the Election Commission.The BJP spent over Rs 49 crore for contesting the Himachal Pradesh elections, it said in its expenditure report submitted to the poll panel.The EC has not yet put in the public domain the BJP's election expenditure report for the Gujarat assembly elections.The BJP retained power in Gujarat, while the Congress wrested power from the BJP in Himachal Pradesh.According to the election expenditure reports filed by the two parties, money was largely spent on funding their respective candidates, advertisement and publicity, and travel of star campaigners.The Congress spent Rs 27.02 crore in Himachal Pradesh and Rs 103.62 crore in Gujarat, according to its expenditure report.In Himachal Pradesh, the party spent Rs 14.80 crore for funding its candidates, Rs 2.74 crore on advertisements and publicity, and Rs 5.28 crore on travel of its star campaigners, which includes expenditure on hiring special aircraft for its top leaders.In Gujarat, the Congress spent Rs 45.34 crore for funding its candidates; Rs 18.08 crore on publicity, including posters and banners; Rs 11.27 crore on advertisements and Rs 9.88 crore on travel of its star campaigners.The BJP has shown its expenditure at Rs 49.69 crore in Himachal Pradesh.PromotedListen to the latest songs, only on JioSaavn.comThe BJP spent Rs 15.19 crore on travel of its star campaigners, Rs 8.5 crore on publicity and Rs 18.57 crore for funding its candidates, according to the party's expenditure report.(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)

  • BJP spent nearly double of Congress on Himachal Pradesh election campaign
  • The Indian Express

    The BJP spent almost double of what the Congress spent on its 2022 Himachal Pradesh Assembly elections campaign, according to the election expenditure reports submitted by the parties to the Election Commission.While the BJP declared an expenditure of Rs.49,68,71,533, the Congress’ expenditure report showed a gross expenditure of Rs.27,01,78,819. The Gujarat elections, which were held in December 2022 along with the Himachal Pradesh polls, saw the Congress spend Rs.103.62 crore as per the expenditure reports published by the EC on Monday. The BJP’s spending on the Gujarat polls is not known yet as the EC is yet to publish the expenditure report in question. Though the Election Commission places a spending limit on candidates, the amount a party can spend on a campaign is not regulated.In Himachal Pradesh, the BJP spent Rs.26.65 crore on “general party propaganda”, including Rs.15.19 crore on the travel costs of star campaigners like Union Home Minister Amit Shah and BJP president J.P. Nadda; Rs.8.50 crore on advertisements; and Rs.1.49 crore on public meetings, rallies etc.The majority of spending for both parties was in the form of payments to their candidates or state unit – Rs.14.80 crore of the total Rs.27.01 crore Congress expenditure went to candidates and Rs.28 crore out of the BJP’s spending of Rs.49.68 crore went to the party’s state unit. The rest, Rs.12.21 crore, of the Congress’ expenditure was on general party propaganda. The party spent Rs.5.28 crore on the travel of star campaigners Rajiv Shukla, Anand Sharma, Chhattisgarh Chief Minister Bhupesh Bhagel and Sukhvinder Singh Sukku, who became Chief Minister after the Congress won the elections. In the results that were declared on December 8, the Congress won 40 seats and the BJP 25.

Gujarat Says Fully Prepared Amid Intensifying Threat Of Cyclone Biparjoy
Ndtv | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 09:09 pm
Ndtv
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 09:09 pm

Fishermen in Gujarat have been warned not to venture into Arabian sea till June 14. (Representational)Ahmedabad: As cyclone 'Biparjoy' intensifies into a severe cyclonic storm and remains centred around 1,060 km south-west of Gujarat's coastal district of Porbandar, the state government on Wednesday said it was fully prepared to deal with possible natural calamities.According to India Meteorological Department (IMD) officials here, Biparjoy, the first storm brewing in the Arabian Sea this year, is likely to cause wind gusts of 40 to 50 kmph in coastal districts in the coming days and also bring light rains in parts of the state.Fishermen in Gujarat have been warned not to venture into the Arabian sea till June 14.The cyclone is likely to cause light rains in Saurashtra and south Gujarat regions between June 9 and 11, an IMD official said.Relief commissioner Alok Kumar Pandey said the state administration was geared up to deal with potential natural calamities in the monsoon season.After attending the season's first review meeting of the weather watch group involving various departments and security forces, Alok Kumar Pandey said the amount of water stored in reservoirs of north Gujarat and Kutch regions was the highest in the last 15 years.Water is available in sufficient amount in reservoirs in the state and compared to the previous year, 0.99 per cent of the normal cultivated area has been planted so far this year, said the senior bureaucrat.As monsoon rainfall is likely to cause storms, floods and disrupt normal life, the government has ensured that relief operations are carried out effectively through proper and immediate coordination between various departments and agencies of state and central governments, Pandey said.Giving further details, the relief commissioner informed that 15 teams of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and 11 of the State Disaster Response Force (SDRF) have been put on standby for rain relief operations in Gujarat.Director of IMD, Ahmedabad, Manorama Mohanty said Biparjoy is centred around 1,060 km south-west of Porbandar district.PromotedListen to the latest songs, only on JioSaavn.comShe said the cyclone is likely to cause wind gusts of 40 to 50 kmph in coastal districts.(Except for the headline, this story has not been edited by NDTV staff and is published from a syndicated feed.)

Gujarat Says Fully Prepared Amid Intensifying Threat Of Cyclone Biparjoy
Air India to send replacement flight to Russia’s Magadan for stranded passengers, crew
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Air India will send a replacement aircraft, which is scheduled to depart from Mumbai at 1 pm Wednesday, to Russia’s Magadan, where 216 passengers and 16 crew are stranded since Tuesday. Their flight AI-173 from Delhi to San Francisco had developed a technical issue with one of its engines and was diverted to the remote Russian town.“A ferry flight is scheduled to operate to GDX (Magadan) from Mumbai, India (BOM) at 1300 Hours IST on 07 June 2023, subject to necessary regulatory clearances, which would take passengers and crew of AI173 onward to San Francisco. The ferry flight would be carrying food and other essentials for our passengers,” Air India said in a statement.The Tata Group airline also confirmed that all passengers were being housed in makeshift accommodation in Magadan “after making sincere attempts to accommodate passengers in hotels locally with the help of local government authorities” given the infrastructural limitations around the remote airport.This came after videos appeared on social media showing the stranded passengers put up in makeshift accommodation in what appears to be a local school.“As we do not have any Air India staff based in the remote town of Magadan or in Russia, all ground support being provided to the passengers is the best possible in this unusual circumstance through our round-the-clock liaison with the Consulate General of India in Vladivostok, Ministry of External Affairs (Government of India), local ground handlers, and the Russian authorities,” the airline said.Sources in the Ministry of Civil Aviation (MoCA) said Civil Aviation Minister Jyotiraditya Scindia is closely monitoring the situation and MoCA is in touch with Air India, which has informed that it is taking care of passengers.The United States has said it is also closely watching the situation, considering its strained relationship with Russia and the possibility of US citizens being among the stranded passengers.“So, we are aware of a US-bound flight that had to make an emergency landing in Russia and are continuing to monitor that situation closely. I’m not able to confirm how many US citizens were aboard the flight at this time… it was a flight that was bound for the United States. So, it is, of course, likely that there are American citizens on board,” US State Department’s Principal Deputy Spokesperson Vedant Patel told journalists in Washington.“As you probably also saw, there’s public reporting from Air India that they are sending a, what my understanding is, a replacement aircraft to the destination to have the passengers carry on for their route, but I would defer to the air carrier to speak to anything further on this,” Patel added.

Air India to send replacement flight to Russia’s Magadan for stranded passengers, crew
Students from across India to be sent to Modi’s school for ‘prerna’Premium Story
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

OVER THE next year, two children from each district in India will be taken to the primary school in Vadnagar, in Gujarat’s Mehsana district, where Prime Minister Narendra Modi received his elementary education, as part of a week-long study tour.Announcing this on Tuesday, the government said the school will be developed as an “inspirational” school called ‘Prerna: The Vernacular School’, where the students will be trained on “how to live a very evolved life”, as part of a joint initiative by the central and state governments.The late 19th century school, which was functional till 2018, has been restored by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) as part of a mega redevelopment plan for Vadnagar, said officials.“There is a school in Vadnagar where our Prime Minister had taken his elementary education. It is a 19th century school… We are developing this school as an inspirational-experiential school,” said a senior official, adding that the school will get its first batch of students this year.Each batch will comprise 30 students who will be given residential training for a week. The cost of accommodation and transport will be borne by the culture ministry. “There are 750 districts in India and two children from each district (will be sent)… we will train a total of 1,500 children in the entire year on how to live a very evolved life…We want the first batch out in the current year itself,” said the senior official.The concept note for the project states: “Great leaders across the world have acknowledged their first school as a catalyst in their inspirational journey to cause change… Based on the vision of the Prime Minister, this first of its kind school redevelopment project ‘Prerna’ is being undertaken to inspire the youth of the county to become catalysts of change… It is envisioned to be a school of the future but with an impetus to education and values, imparted using various techniques and technologies.”While details like the age group of children are still being worked out, sources said it would mostly be for students of Classes 9-10.The selection process will start soon, for which the students’ “intellectual level, creativity and extra-curricular performance will be put to test,” said officials, adding that the training will be based on the concept of “Ek Bharat, Shrestha Bharat”. “It is not teaching. It is all experience,” said a senior official, adding that the training will include exposure to “virtues of life like courage and compassion through the lives and teachings of real-life heroes”.The school, originally called ‘Vadnagar Kumar Shala No 1’, was established in 1888 and was functional till 2018, when its restoration work began, said officials. “While it was being renovated, its students were shifted to the nearby kanya shala,” said a Gujarat education department official.“The old building has been restored using vernacular elements of architecture and by imagining the way the structure may have looked originally,” said a senior official, adding that the renovated school has eight classrooms, a cafe, orientation centre, souvenir shop and a community green space.Besides this, there is an extensive plan for “the overall development of Vadnagar town, funded by the Union government, and executed and overseen by the state government”, said officials. The plan to develop Vadnagar as the cultural centre of Gujarat includes a heritage site museum, being built at a cost of nearly Rs 200 crore.—With inputs from Ritu Sharma in Ahmedabad 

Students from across India to be sent to Modi’s school for ‘prerna’Premium Story
As water from destroyed dam rises, Ukrainians face a fresh new horror
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Written by Marc Santora and Evelina RiabenkoThe early morning explosion that woke Oksana Alfiorova from her sleep seemed normal enough, at least for wartime Kherson.Alfiorova, who is 57, lived through nine months of Russian occupation — “really scary” — and since then, nearly as long under the constant shelling of the Russian forces that set up camp across the Dnieper River after they were driven out of the city.But even for Kherson, she soon realised Tuesday morning, things were far from normal.Water was filling the streets of her low-lying neighbourhood — and rising quickly. A dam had been destroyed, and soon the power went out, the gas stopped working and the water supply to her apartment stopped flowing.So Alfiorova did something she had long resisted despite all the hardships of the past year and a half: She fled. She boarded an evacuation train from Kherson to Mykolaiv, about 40 miles to the west, stepping out onto Platform 1, homeless for the first time in her life.“I had no choice,” she said.Many of her neighbours and friends, however, decided to take their chances and stay, and on the train meant to take people to safety, there were only 43 passengers, among them several children. Most of the 10 cars were empty.Alfiorova said many people she knew had decided to move to higher ground to stay with friends and family or to ride out the floods in apartments on high floors.“I have a neighbour on the third floor and she has three dogs,” she said. “She is not going to leave her home.”She herself lives on the fourth floor of the nine-story building, and for her, the flooding was one hardship too many, although it is the just latest sorrow for a city that was home to 290,000 people before Russia invaded last year.Alfiorova, a sociologist, recalled the grim months of Russian occupation, when she had little money or food. Soldiers menaced civilians, seeking out those with pro-Ukrainian sympathies, looting homes and businesses, and failing to deliver even the most basic services to people.The threat did not fully lift after Ukrainian forces recaptured Kherson in November and the Russians took to shelling the city from afar. Alfiorova became so used to it that she learned to measure the danger by the sounds in the air.“If I hear a whistle, it can be quite far,” she said. “If it is whistling I know it is not for my soul. But when it is a rumbling sound, you realise that it will land quite close.”In March, she said, a shell exploded so close that she thought for a moment it could be the end. But she survived.On Tuesday, when explosions boomed once again around 4 am she figured it was just the usual Kherson wake-up call. It was not. “The neighbours were screaming,” she said.As the streets disappeared under a coursing tide of water, police cars began patrolling with loudspeakers to warn of the growing danger. Evacuate, residents were urged.“I checked the Telegram channels, talked to neighbours and friends and decided to go,” Alfiorova said. She and her son, Oleh, 23, raced to gather important documents, a few cherished possessions and her two cats, Biusia and Miusia, whom she placed in cardboard pet carriers.But when they tried to make it out of their neighbourhood, the shelling resumed, forcing them to take cover in a basement. Only when it subsided could they make their way to the train station.“As we were leaving, we realised we forgot all of our money,” Alfiorova said. But there were teams of volunteers from a host of aid agencies at the train station to help her.She has checked back with friends who stayed behind and believes she made the only decision she could, however hard. “The level of the water is so high now, people can swim,” she said.Similar scenes were described in Antonivka, about 40 miles downstream from the destroyed dam.One resident of the town, Hanna Zarudnia, 69, said she had spent the night in a basement bunker because of intense shelling. “About 10 houses were damaged,” she said. “Roofs were destroyed.”Then a new horror took shape.“Antonivka was surrounded by water from all sides, we were on an island,” she said. “I have pictures, videos: roads, a stadium, a school were flooded, everything came under water.”Ukraine and Russia have each accused the other of blowing up the dam, a critical structure whose breach has put thousands of people downstream at risk.Zarudnia scoffed at the notion that Ukraine blew up its own dam, and recalled that similar claims were made about attacks in Kherson, where she once lived under occupation. “I was a witness to that,” she said.She has no doubt who was bombing her home week after week back then, she said, and none about who blew up the dam now.

As water from destroyed dam rises, Ukrainians face a fresh new horror
‘Ruling party encourages communal violence’: Sharad Pawar hits out at BJP-Sena govt
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Confronting the BJP-Shiv Sena government in Maharashtra head on, Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) chief Sharad Pawar said on Wednesday that the ruling party “encourages” instances of communal violence.“Incidents of communal clashes in Ahmednagar and Kolhapur have taken place over some mobile messages. What is the meaning of hitting the streets over such messages? Today’s ruling party encourages such things. Rulers should ensure peace and law and order. But if rulers start hitting the street and create enmity among two communities, that is not a good thing for the state,” Pawar said, addressing a press conference in Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar on Wednesday morning.Pawar said that it was good that the incidents were limited to certain parts of the state only. “But I am saying that this is being planned. I saw it on TV that someone showed Aurangzeb’s photo in Aurangabad, then what is the meaning of a communal clash over this in Pune?” he asked.“Churches were attacked in states like Orissa or others. I do not understand the reason behind attacking a religious place for an action of an individual. This is not a work of an individual but an ideology works behind this. This ideology is not good for the society,” Pawar said.Maharashtra has witnessed a number of localised communal clashes since the formation of the BJP-Sena government. On Tuesday, the Sangamner area of Ahmednagar district witnessed communal clashes between two groups after a rally by Sakal Hindu Samaj. In Kolhapur, right-wing Hindu organisations called for a bandh on Wednesday over a reportedly objectionable message involving Mughal king Aurangzeb.

‘Ruling party encourages communal violence’: Sharad Pawar hits out at BJP-Sena govt
C Raja Mohan writes on Shangri-La Dialogue: Modi and Biden’s New AsiaPremium Story
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

As Prime Minister Narendra Modi heads to Washington for a state visit in two weeks, the unfolding geopolitical churn in Asia triggered by China’s rise will form a critical background to his talks with US President Joe Biden. In two and a half years, Biden has made significant strategic gains and reversed the dominant perception that China’s domination of Asia is inevitable and America’s retreat is irreversible.There is no better place than the annual Shangri-La Dialogue, which concluded its 20th edition in Singapore over the weekend, to capture the shifting strategic trends in Asia. Since it was first convened in 2002, the SLD has become the premium forum where defence ministers of Asia gather to publicly articulate their positions on regional security as well as conduct bilateral and minilateral defence diplomacy behind closed doors. It has also become a venue in recent years for quiet consultations among the region’s intelligence chiefs. The Director of US Intelligence Avril Haines as well as the chief of India’s Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) Samant Goel, were among those taking part in this year’s conclave.This year’s SLD highlighted the deepening tensions between the US and China. Even as it mobilises a broad-based coalition to balance China, Washington is seeking to resume high-level talks between the two sides and focus on confidence-building measures to prevent the tensions from escalating into a hot war.Beijing, however, is playing hard to get. China is unwilling to accept the US terms of engagement. US defence secretary Lloyd Austin sought to make nice by walking up to the Chinese defence minister Li Shangfu to shake hands. While the Biden administration is persistent in its call for high-level dialogue, China sees it as a trap.The two ministers outlined their competing visions of regional security. While signalling the intent for dialogue, Austin insisted that the US does “not seek conflict or confrontation…but will not flinch in the face of bullying or coercion.” Chinese defence minister Li insisted that he was not against dialogue, but the US must create the right conditions. Li also accused the US of “double talk”. He was, of course, not lacking in displaying China’s forked tongue. While blaming America, the outsider, for the growing regional tensions, Li made no mention of China’s own aggressive military actions against its neighbours. He thundered against the resurgent “cold war mentality” and demanded that “mutual respect should prevail over bullying and hegemony”. Security establishments in Delhi and other Asian capitals at the receiving end of Chinese bullying would roll their eyes at Beijing’s double talk.The rest of Asia is no less hypocritical. Many Asian chancelleries are quick to criticise US actions but bite their tongue when it comes to China’s deeds. That does not mean the region’s leaders are blind to the ground realities. After all, China has been grabbing disputed territories from its neighbours and it is the US that is offering help to defend territorial sovereignty in Asia. Yet, there is a reluctance in the region to jeopardise the deep economic relationship with Beijing and a deliberate effort to avoid politically offending China.Removing the Asian fear by explicitly challenging China’s claim to regional hegemony has been at the core of the US Indo-Pacific strategy in the last few years. This is beginning to generate rewards of its own, as many Asian nations step up political and military engagement with the US. Chinese warnings against such cooperation with the US or rants against “small cliques” like the Quad and the AUKUS are having very little deterrent effect. As Secretary Austin said in Singapore, it was his seventh visit to the region in the two years since he has been in office. Despite the continuing crises in the Middle East and a major war in Europe, Washington has repeatedly reaffirmed that the Indo-Pacific remains the highest priority.Other top officials of the Biden administration have made frequent trips to the region to rebuild old alliances, develop new coalitions, and, above all, demonstrate the political will to confront China. Besides national actions, including measures for control of technology exports to China and growing military support for Taiwan, the US has sought to build the widest possible consortium for “shaping” Beijing’s strategic environment. For one, the US has drawn in its closest partners — the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada – into the grand regional coalition. This year’s SLD saw top billing to the Australian prime minister Anthony Albanese who outlined Canberra’s strategy of engagement with China while standing up to Beijing’s military bullying. Canada too is ready to join the geopolitical jousting in the Indo-Pacific. Addressing one of the plenaries at SLD, Canadian defence minister, Anita Anand promised to ramp up Canada’s military presence in the Indo-Pacific.Washington has a more difficult time convincing Europe, which is deeply tied to the China market. But the premier European security institution, NATO, is now raising its game in Asia. Besides Australia and New Zealand, which now participate in NATO deliberations, Japan has taken the lead in drawing Europe into Asian security and South Korea is ready to join hands.The more consequential initiatives have been in the Indo-Pacific. In the two and a half years, Washington has elevated the Quad to the summit level, unveiled the AUKUS high-tech alliance with the UK and Australia, launched trilateral coordination with Seoul and Tokyo, and unveiled a local quad – “along with Australia, Japan, and the Philippines” – to counter the Chinese military pressures against Manila. The US has been encouraging Japan to raise its military capabilities, modernising the military alliance with South Korea, revitalising the frayed military partnership with Manila and enhancing security cooperation with Indonesia.Building a stronger strategic partnership with India has been a high priority for the Biden administration. After the SLD, Austin travelled to Delhi. His talks with the Indian establishment have apparently produced a “road map” for a significant elevation of bilateral defence cooperation, including technology transfers and joint defence industrial production.For nearly two decades, India and the US have talked of transforming defence cooperation. The sea change in the Indo-Pacific and the shared interests in stabilising the Asian balance of power are objective realities demanding a solid India-US defence partnership. The Modi-Biden talks on June 22 will show if Delhi and Washington have the will to seize the moment.The writer is a senior fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute, Delhi and a contributing editor on international affairs for The Indian Express

C Raja Mohan writes on Shangri-La Dialogue: Modi and Biden’s New AsiaPremium Story
  • Shangri La Dialogue: Modi and Biden’s New AsiaPremium Story
  • The Indian Express

    As Prime Minister Narendra Modi heads to Washington for a state visit in two weeks, the unfolding geopolitical churn in Asia triggered by China’s rise will form a critical background to his talks with US President Joe Biden. In two and a half years, Biden has made significant strategic gains and reversed the dominant perception that China’s domination of Asia is inevitable and America’s retreat is irreversible.There is no better place than the annual Shangri-La Dialogue, which concluded its 20th edition in Singapore over the weekend, to capture the shifting strategic trends in Asia. Since it was first convened in 2002, the SLD has become the premium forum where defence ministers of Asia gather to publicly articulate their positions on regional security as well as conduct bilateral and minilateral defence diplomacy behind closed doors. It has also become a venue in recent years for quiet consultations among the region’s intelligence chiefs. The Director of US Intelligence Avril Haines as well as the chief of India’s Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) Samant Goel, were among those taking part in this year’s conclave.This year’s SLD highlighted the deepening tensions between the US and China. Even as it mobilises a broad-based coalition to balance China, Washington is seeking to resume high-level talks between the two sides and focus on confidence-building measures to prevent the tensions from escalating into a hot war.Beijing, however, is playing hard to get. China is unwilling to accept the US terms of engagement. US defence secretary Lloyd Austin sought to make nice by walking up to the Chinese defence minister Li Shangfu to shake hands. While the Biden administration is persistent in its call for high-level dialogue, China sees it as a trap.The two ministers outlined their competing visions of regional security. While signalling the intent for dialogue, Austin insisted that the US does “not seek conflict or confrontation…but will not flinch in the face of bullying or coercion.” Chinese defence minister Li insisted that he was not against dialogue, but the US must create the right conditions. Li also accused the US of “double talk”. He was, of course, not lacking in displaying China’s forked tongue. While blaming America, the outsider, for the growing regional tensions, Li made no mention of China’s own aggressive military actions against its neighbours. He thundered against the resurgent “cold war mentality” and demanded that “mutual respect should prevail over bullying and hegemony”. Security establishments in Delhi and other Asian capitals at the receiving end of Chinese bullying would roll their eyes at Beijing’s double talk.The rest of Asia is no less hypocritical. Many Asian chancelleries are quick to criticise US actions but bite their tongue when it comes to China’s deeds. That does not mean the region’s leaders are blind to the ground realities. After all, China has been grabbing disputed territories from its neighbours and it is the US that is offering help to defend territorial sovereignty in Asia. Yet, there is a reluctance in the region to jeopardise the deep economic relationship with Beijing and a deliberate effort to avoid politically offending China.Removing the Asian fear by explicitly challenging China’s claim to regional hegemony has been at the core of the US Indo-Pacific strategy in the last few years. This is beginning to generate rewards of its own, as many Asian nations step up political and military engagement with the US. Chinese warnings against such cooperation with the US or rants against “small cliques” like the Quad and the AUKUS are having very little deterrent effect. As Secretary Austin said in Singapore, it was his seventh visit to the region in the two years since he has been in office. Despite the continuing crises in the Middle East and a major war in Europe, Washington has repeatedly reaffirmed that the Indo-Pacific remains the highest priority.Other top officials of the Biden administration have made frequent trips to the region to rebuild old alliances, develop new coalitions, and, above all, demonstrate the political will to confront China. Besides national actions, including measures for control of technology exports to China and growing military support for Taiwan, the US has sought to build the widest possible consortium for “shaping” Beijing’s strategic environment. For one, the US has drawn in its closest partners — the UK, Australia, New Zealand, and Canada – into the grand regional coalition. This year’s SLD saw top billing to the Australian prime minister Anthony Albanese who outlined Canberra’s strategy of engagement with China while standing up to Beijing’s military bullying. Canada too is ready to join the geopolitical jousting in the Indo-Pacific. Addressing one of the plenaries at SLD, Canadian defence minister, Anita Anand promised to ramp up Canada’s military presence in the Indo-Pacific.Washington has a more difficult time convincing Europe, which is deeply tied to the China market. But the premier European security institution, NATO, is now raising its game in Asia. Besides Australia and New Zealand, which now participate in NATO deliberations, Japan has taken the lead in drawing Europe into Asian security and South Korea is ready to join hands.The more consequential initiatives have been in the Indo-Pacific. In the two and a half years, Washington has elevated the Quad to the summit level, unveiled the AUKUS high-tech alliance with the UK and Australia, launched trilateral coordination with Seoul and Tokyo, and unveiled a local quad – “along with Australia, Japan, and the Philippines” – to counter the Chinese military pressures against Manila. The US has been encouraging Japan to raise its military capabilities, modernising the military alliance with South Korea, revitalising the frayed military partnership with Manila and enhancing security cooperation with Indonesia.Building a stronger strategic partnership with India has been a high priority for the Biden administration. After the SLD, Austin travelled to Delhi. His talks with the Indian establishment have apparently produced a “road map” for a significant elevation of bilateral defence cooperation, including technology transfers and joint defence industrial production.For nearly two decades, India and the US have talked of transforming defence cooperation. The sea change in the Indo-Pacific and the shared interests in stabilising the Asian balance of power are objective realities demanding a solid India-US defence partnership. The Modi-Biden talks on June 22 will show if Delhi and Washington have the will to seize the moment.The writer is a senior fellow at the Asia Society Policy Institute, Delhi and a contributing editor on international affairs for The Indian Express

  • How Han-Hindu dialogue can better the currently tense China-India tiesPremium Story
  • The Indian Express

    Can the China-India civilisational dialogue — specifically, the Han-Hindu dialogue among the majority communities in our two countries — help in improving the current tense bilateral relations? I am convinced that the accumulated wisdom of the ancient civilisations alone can guide our two nations towards mutually acceptable solutions to the vexed problems that have hindered cooperation.Therefore, here is a plea for an open-minded dialogue between the Communist Party of China and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, whose ideology influences the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party.In May 2019, I participated in the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilisations hosted by the Chinese President Xi Jinping in Beijing. The Government of India gave it a miss, which it should not have. In his speech, Xi, who has recently proposed a Global Civilisation Initiative, paid rich tributes to all the civilisations in Asia. He made a surprising observation: “The thought that one’s own race and civilisation are superior and the inclination to remould or replace other civilisations is just stupid, and will only bring catastrophic consequences…What we need is to respect each other as equals and say no to hubris and prejudice.”Another surprise awaited me when I received from the organisers of the conference the book, China: A 5,000-Year Odyssey by Tan Chung. It describes how India influenced China in ancient and mediaeval times. The author’s candour is of the kind that one does not expect in a Chinese government publication. “The civilisations of China and India are the twins of the Himalaya sphere. How unfortunate that the progress of the two civilisations turned Mother Himalaya into a battleground! The two ‘civilisation-states’ that advocated ‘Panchsheel’ (five principles of peaceful co-existence) today behave like ‘nation-states’, maintaining a tit-for-tat armed coexistence. A greater tragedy of history I have not seen! Both countries have committed blunders and are responsible for righting this historic wrong.”Tan Chung is eminently qualified to say this. A renowned Chinese scholar on the history and culture of both countries, he taught at Jawaharlal Nehru University. His father Tan Yun-shan, known as the “modern Huen Tsang”, came to India in 1928 at the invitation of Rabindranath Tagore, set up the Cheena Bhavana at Viswa Bharati, and lived in India until his death in 1983.Countless milestones mark the journey of civilisational affinity between India and China. Sadly, these are now ignored, even denied and derided, because of the current fraught bilateral relations. Here are a few examples. India is currently celebrating Sri Aurobindo’s 150th birth anniversary. But how many Indians have heard of the name of Xu Fancheng, a Chinese scholar-devotee of Aurobindo, who lived in his ashram in Pondicherry for 28 years, translated the Upanishads and other Hindu texts into Chinese and also wrote books to introduce Confucius and other Chinese philosophers to Indians? How many in the Ram Janmabhoomi movement know about Ji Xianlin, revered in China as a “Gurudev”, who translated the Ramayana into Chinese and devoted his entire life to producing works that illuminate the Buddhist-Hindu links between our two countries? In their book Ji Xianlin: A Critical Biography, Chinese scholars Yu Longyu and Zhu Xuan describe him as “the mirror of our times, the conscience of our society, the benchmark of the academia, and the treasure of our nation.”Yu, with whom I have interacted for many years, heads the Centre of Indian Studies at Shenzhen University, where he has created a marvellous museum in honour of Tan Yun-shan. At its entrance is a large frame with an inscription in Sanskrit of “Prajnaparamita Hridaya Sutra” (Heart Sutra), the most sacred Buddhist sutra in Chinese Buddhism. “Why is this in Sanskrit?” I asked. Yu replied in fluent Hindi, “Sanskrit is very dear to the Chinese because it is the language of the enlightenment that came from India. I know of wealthy Buddhists in Shanghai and other cities who frequently travel to Hangzhou to learn Sanskrit at one of the oldest monasteries in that city.” When I visited that vast Buddhist shrine called Lingyin Temple in Hangzhou, I was surprised to know that it was founded by a Hindu monk from India, named Matiyukti, nearly 1,700 years ago.Beneath all the glitter of Western-style modernity, today’s China is eagerly seeking to re-discover its own proud philosophical and spiritual traditions. Isn’t modern India also engaged in a similar search? Therefore, reducing both the knowledge deficit and trust deficit between our two countries is the need of the hour, and this requires extensive, serious and sincere interaction among CPC and RSS leaders. I call it the “Han-Hindu Dialogue”, not because non-Hindus in India and non-Han races in China do not matter. Indeed, the journey of Islamic influence from India to China is another fascinating story. Clearly, our two countries should rededicate themselves to our precious but often neglected ethos of respect for diversity and commitment to mutual learning.Both India and China aspire to become world powers commensurate to the innate potential of their respective civilisations. But why should these legitimate national aspirations conflict with, rather than complement, each other? True, the RSS is not the sole voice of India’s national aspirations; nevertheless, it is an important voice. Therefore, I have often suggested to high-ranking officials in Beijing that they should invite RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat to visit China. Their response was positive. The visit would have two benefits. One, Chinese leaders will know the mind of India’s most influential Hindu organisation. Two, Bhagwat will better understand the factors behind China’s meteoric rise and also the deep appreciation many Chinese people have for India’s spiritual and cultural heritage. Surely, his visit will help reduce the differences between our two nations and partly contribute to breaking the present logjam in ties.The writer was an aide to former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee

Why airfares in India are going through the roof
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Airfares in India are soaring. While they had started firming up last year itself as travel demand rebounded after the Covid pandemic subsided, this year’s summer travel season has seen an unusually high spike in ticket prices. Go First’s bankruptcy plea and subsequent suspension of its flights joined other factors such as surging demand and capacity constraints, among others, in forcing flyers to pay through their noses bang in the middle of the country’s peak summer travel season.Social media platforms are replete with consumers complaining about surge pricing. The government, too, has taken note of “abnormal surge pricing on certain routes” and asked airlines to “self-monitor” and devise a mechanism to ensure reasonable pricing on such routes.Any respite in the near term, however, is likely only if and when the tidal wave of travel demand ebbs, which is likely only once this year’s peak summer travel season is behind us. Longer-term price stability and affordability will depend on various other factors too, including travel demand trajectory, the pace of capacity addition by airlines, and jet fuel prices and other cost centres.A perfect storm: High demand, capacity constraints, Go First bankruptcyOn May 2, Go First announced that it was voluntarily filing for insolvency and the airline has not operated even a single flight since May 3. In April, the Wadia group airline had ferried close to 8.3 lakh flyers and held a domestic market share of over 6 per cent. The sudden disappearance of Go First’s capacity from the market was the last thing consumers needed. Market leader IndiGo and SpiceJet were already affected by capacity constraints as parts of their fleet were grounded due to different reasons.On the other hand, demand surged, notwithstanding high airfares. As per preliminary industry data, May saw over 1.3 crore domestic flyers, up from March and April, and likely higher than or at least comparable with the pre-pandemic peaks. For some time now, industry insiders have been highlighting that flyers seem to be willing to shell out more on travel after the pandemic. The pent-up demand from the pandemic, which scuttled travel plans of many people for up to two years, just does not seem to be abating.“Despite an increase in airfares by about 35-40 per cent for domestic routes compared to the previous year, our customers are displaying an increased appetite for travel spending. The surge in domestic airfares for favourite tourism routes are resulting in international short hauls becoming an attractive option in comparison,” said Indiver Rastogi, President & Group Head of Global Business Travel at Thomas Cook (India) and SOTC Travel.Even as other carriers did depute additional capacities on routes where Go First was a sizable player, the demand-supply mismatch could not be fully mitigated.Although airfares generally have been higher in recent weeks, it is worth noting that abnormal surges have been witnessed mostly on routes with a strong Go First presence and some others seeing rapid growth in demand. Also, surges are mostly seen in cases where flights are being booked closer to the date of travel.Go First’s absence has rewarded other airlines in the form of higher load factors. But very high load factors are a problem for flyers, particularly those who book their tickets last minute or very close to the date of travel, as very limited available inventory means they are likely to be offered seats in the top fare buckets.Most-affected routesAccording to industry insiders, routes affected the most are the ones connecting major cities with airports like Leh, Srinagar, Goa, Bagdogra, Ahmedabad, and Pune, and other popular travel destinations like Andamans and Kerala.“Despite the current situation with capacity constraints driving airfares, Indian travellers are making the most of the summer vacation period. We are witnessing brisk demand of over 3x compared to last year. Airfares for popular leisure sectors from Mumbai, Delhi and Bengaluru have witnessed a surge versus last month–Leh 60-80%, Srinagar, Chandigarh, and Port Blair 50-70 per cent, and Kochi and Goa 40 per cent,” Rastogi said.According to Sabina Chopra, Chief Operating Officer for Corporate Travel and Head of Industry Relations at Yatra.com, the travel booking website is seeing 20-25 per cent higher demand in the domestic travel sector compared to pre-pandemic levels. As compared to the summer travel season last year, Yatra.com has observed an increase of 15-20 per cent in domestic airfares.With regard to routes affected the most by the suspension of Go First flights, Chopra said, “According to our data, the most popular routes were Srinagar, Ladakh, Delhi-Mumbai, Mumbai-Bangalore, and Bangalore-Chennai. These routes had consistently witnessed high demand and had played a pivotal role for the airline.”Higher fuel cost vis-à-vis pre-pandemic periodThe cost of aviation turbine fuel (ATF), or jet fuel, might not be playing a role in month-on-month or even year-on-year rise in airfares to current levels, but it is a significant factor in how fares have moved between the pre-pandemic period and the present. ATF is the single-biggest cost for airlines and for Indian carriers, it accounts for over 40 per cent of their operational expenses.While the price of jet fuel has cooled off from year-ago levels and is also lower than in preceding months, it is significantly higher than the levels seen in 2019 and early 2020, just before the pandemic brought the aviation industry to its knees. As per data provided by the country’s largest fuel retailer Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), jet fuel is currently priced at Rs 89,303.09 per kilolitre, down from Rs 95,935.34 in May and significantly lower than the peak of Rs 1.41 lakh in the second half of June 2022. However, when compared to March 2020 and June 2019, jet fuel prices are currently higher by 57 per cent and 37.4 per cent, respectively.“Due to the escalating fuel costs, airfares have seen a significant rise of 30-40 per cent across all domestic routes (compared to pre-pandemic levels),” Chopra said.

Why airfares in India are going through the roof
A 'moving' tale: Punjab seniors put up land for sale, shift abroad permanentlyPremium Story
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

The simple act of sipping tea as the dappled sunlight filters into the verandah of their sprawling 300-square-yard house in Ludhiana is set to become a thing of the past for Sadhu Singh, 76, and Manjit Kaur, 68. With their two sons having become permanent residents of Canada a few years ago, the couple are in the process of selling their ancestral property to move abroad permanently.In the past, landowners divided their time between tending to their fields and businesses in India, and staying with their children abroad. However, many aged farmers in Punjab are now selling their massive parcels of land and shifting abroad — lock, stock and barrel — to stay close to their children who are settled in countries like Canada and Australia. That’s a significant shift for a population defined by their emotional attachment to their “zameen” (land), even as many of them lived abroad or shuttled between their adopted countries and “home”.Sadhu, who lives in Ludhiana’s Punjab Mata Nagar, said, “My wife and I became permanent residents of Canada in early 2016, but divided our time between the two nations. While we were in Canada, some thieves broke into our house. We decided to sell the house after that and move abroad. Our sons and their families have no plans to return to India. We plan to shift to Canada in two months. Our children worry about us since we stay alone in India. Whenever we come to India next, we will rent a house for a month.”There are many others like Sadhu and Manjit. Talking about his family, Bhagh Singh, a 66-year-old who worked with the Punjab State Power Corporation Limited, said, “My three cousins, Dilbag Singh, Jaija Singh and Kamaljeet Singh, came to India in January to sell off 14 acres of their family land. Their father had shifted to England in the early 1960s and their mother joined him later with two of the boys. Kamaljeet was born in England.”Bhagh, who lives in Barnala’s Chananwal village, added, “Their paternal aunt used to take care of the land in India. However, both she and their father are no more now. Dilbag and Jaija are almost in their 70s. Their children work in England and have no interest in their ancestral farms in India. This is the story of many families in Punjab today.”Varinder Sharma, a patwari in Ludhiana and the president of the Ludhiana Revenue and Patwari Union, said, “Though we don’t have the numbers, a number of NRIs have started selling their land in Punjab over the years.”Satish Kumar, who retired two years ago from the Ludhiana Revenue Department, told The Indian Express, “While working as kanungo (a revenue official), I would see many NRIs come to the department in connection with selling their land. Most of them were old and their children were not interested in coming back to India. My son is also settled in Canada and not keen on returning to India. I too have been thinking about selling my property.”Seventy-year-old Harcharan Singh Channa, a farmer in Barnala, said, “My nephew is settled in the US. On his last visit to Punjab, he sold nearly 4 acres of his family land. My uncle who resides in Barnala too sold his residential plot and moved to the US. The new generation is not interested in returning to India. Since many NRIs have suffered land frauds in the past, they prefer to invest their money in the country they reside in.”In a village in Mansa district, a farmer couple involved in fertilizer and pesticide business on their family’s 30 acres recently sold off nearly 25 acres and left for Canada on May 15. A close friend said the remaining land has been leased out and their house in the village locked up. He said their children, who migrated to Canada over a decade ago, are permanent residents of the North American nation.Manpreet Singh Ayali, the Akali Dal MLA from Dakha constituency in Ludhiana district, said he had come across many such instances while visiting villages in his constituency. He added that people whose children had migrated abroad are now severing their ties with India permanently by selling off ancestral land. “In the past, people who shifted abroad would use their earnings to acquire more land in their villages here. But all that is changing now,” Ayali said.Mansa-based advocate Gurlabh Singh Mahal said, “Many well-off individuals are selling portions of their land, either to be with their children or to dispose of their property in their lifetime as their children have no plans to return to India. Many are using proceeds from the sale of their property to purchase houses in Canada, Australia, etc.”On March 25, 2021, data on Indians going abroad from all states was presented in Parliament by V Muraleedharan, Union Minister of State for External Affairs, in reply to a question. According to this data, 1.37 crore Indians had left the country from January 1, 2016, to March 18, 2021. During the same period, 4.68 lakh people from Punjab left India for employment opportunities in other countries and 2.62 lakh left on student visas. During the same period, 1.26 lakh people left Chandigarh for employment opportunities abroad.Talking about the trend of NRIs in Punjab selling their land, Bathinda Deputy Commissioner (Administrative) Showkat Ahmed Parray said, “There are many aspects to consider here, besides the lack of emotional connect of the new generation (brought up outside India) with the land in Punjab. Encroachment is a big issue for most NRIs. Any encroachment takes years to clear and involves a rather lengthy legal process. While land prices have somewhat stagnated in purely rural areas, rates in semi-urban areas or villages with development potential are rising. And it is this land that is prone to encroachment — by relatives in many cases. Any form of encroachment means lack of interest by real estate brokers.”A wealthy landowner, who shifted to Canada about 30 years ago, said he was in the process of selling 60 acres of his ancestral land in Jagraon constituency of Ludhiana district since his Canada-born son has no plans to return to India.Stating that his two sons live in Australia, 70-year-old Channa said, “My elder one went to Australia on a student visa over 15 years ago and now has permanent residency. The younger one’s application is under process. My wife and I take turns to visit them as my 93-year-old mother requires continuous care in India. The elder one has no plans to return but the younger one is undecided. If he decides to stay in Australia permanently, I will consider selling my land.”

A 'moving' tale: Punjab seniors put up land for sale, shift abroad permanentlyPremium Story
Vision Pro: Apple's breakthrough AR headset, and why it is a big deal
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Apple has unveiled the Vision Pro, a mixed reality headset that allows “spatial computing” by using the wearer’s eyes, voice and hands. The headset is the biggest breakthrough product from Apple since the launch of the iPhone more than 15 years ago, and could mark the next chapter in personal technology.At its Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) Apple spent a lot of time on Monday explaining the headset and what it can do.Apple’s first major new product category in eight years, the Vision Pro is a headset that the wearer can control with her eyes, hands, and voice, a feature that other headsets do not have. “It’s the first Apple product you look through and not at,” CEO Tim Cook said. Vision Pro represents “spatial computing”, and brings “a new dimension to powerful personal technology”, he said.The headset features a glass 23 million-pixel screen that covers the upper part of the user’s face like a pair of oversized ski goggles. The facial interface is adjustable, which means it should provide a closer and more comfortable fit than competing headsets.The headset is encased in “aerospace grade alloys”, glass, and fabric, and contains five sensors, 12 cameras, a 4K display for each eye, and a wearable computer that is cooled by a fan.What can it do?Vision Pro is essentially an augmented-reality (AR) headset that “seamlessly” blends the real and digital worlds. The device can switch between augmented and full virtual reality (VR) using a dial. However, Apple did not use the expressions “mixed reality” or “virtual reality” in the presentation.According to Apple, the Vision Pro allows users to consume and create content in a new way, in the spaces around them. They can watch movies in 3D, with spatial audio as though they were in a cinema theatre, look at pictures or video, and play video games.Vision Pro has the ability to see apps overlaid across real-world surroundings. Users can scroll through or select an option by flicking or tapping together their fingers. During the presentation, Apple showed how users would be able to interact with others when using FaceTime, for example.What’s the technology?Vision Pro runs on the same M2 processor that Apple uses in its Macs. It has a proprietary R1 chip, which allows the device to stay silent and stream images without lag.R1 also enables EyeSight, a feature that projects realistic graphics of your eyes to those around you while you are wearing the headset, and also enables you to see the person you are speaking with through the headset. This puts Vision Pro miles ahead of other headsets on the market.Vision Pro uses a custom software called visionOS which, according to Apple, is “the first OS designed for the ground up for spatial computing”. Architecturally, visionOS is similar to macOS and iOS, but it adds an additional “real-time subsystem” for processing interactive visuals.There will be a dedicated App Store for Vision Pro. The apps will be tuned for the 3D interface, and will use the headset’s eye tracking and optic ID, allowing the user to use Apple Pay and autofill passwords. Apple has said no user data will be shared without permission.Who, how much, etc.IF YOU WEAR GLASSES, you can still use Vision Pro. Apple has teamed with Zeiss to create custom optical inserts that magnetically attach to the lenses for those who wear glasses. But how this actually works will be clear only after enough people with specs start using the headset around the world.IT IS NOT FOR CHILDREN. Apple has recommended the user is at least 13 years old.ITS RUGGEDNESS IS NOT KNOWN. Apple has also not said if the headset has received any water resistance rating.BATTERY DOESN’T LAST LONG. Vision Pro requires an external battery pack that you need to charge after about 2 hours of use. The separate battery suggests Apple wanted to keep the headset as light as possible. Meta’s Quest Pro headset includes the battery that makes it bulky.IT IS EXPENSIVE. Vision Pro is priced at $3,499, or about Rs 2,90,000 at the current exchange rate. The Quest Pro mixed reality headset costs only $,1000 (Rs 83,000).YOU CAN’T GET IT TILL 2024. Apple plans to start selling the headset sometime early next year — only in the United States to begin with. The headset could come to India later in 2024.

Vision Pro: Apple's breakthrough AR headset, and why it is a big deal
  • Apple Vision Pro is not a new platform… it’s a new way to soak in the Apple experiencePremium Story
  • The Indian Express

    Tim Cook had “one more thing” to announce as the Apple WWDC 2023 keynote came towards its fag end, having zipped through scores of announcements small and big. The ‘one more thing’ was not a surprise as it would have been during his predecessor Steve Jobs’ times, but the world was waiting to see how Apple’s vision will pan out. And for even those who were sceptical, the Apple Vision Pro, I’m sure, changes their perception of what could happen next in the world of personal computing. In fact, that is exactly what Apple launched, a new personal computer, one that does not need screens like we have been used to, but one that takes the familiar experiences of iPhones and Macs to a virtual world using a headset that can be controlled with your eyes and hands.AR and VR devices are not really new; the first such device I reviewed was over a decade back and came from HP. Over the past few years, a lot of companies have thought of this as the future — HTC bet its bottom dollar on the Vive, maybe a decade too early; Mark Zuckerberg is so convinced that he named his company Meta to start its avatar in the Metaverse. Apple is taking no such risks.Apple’s vision for the Vision Pro is as the next device in the Apple ecosystem. And it takes the ecosystem along though Apple has announced a new VisionOS for the device. Apple claims all the apps you are used to will work there, so will messaging and FaceTime. It will not blindfold and release users into a virtual world where everything is new. On the contrary, they will find themselves in a world where the experiences they are so familiar with can be scaled up and enjoyed in solitude. This is personal computing in the real sense. It is about your space, your time, and your experience, even as Vision Pro opens up new ways to collaborate.But then Vision Pro is not a segue into a new lonely world where you are left to socialise with avatars. In fact, unlike any of its predecessors, this device takes the concept of mixed reality seriously. It keeps a window to the real world open at all times. So much so that if someone comes near you, Apple’s EyeSight technology will ensure they will see your eyes and maybe even have a natural conversation. You can do other things as you use the VisionPro… unimaginable with any of the other VR devices we have seen so far.Users can browse using Safari, chat using Messages, listen to Apple Music or watch a new show on Disney, while you are in a plane or even taking your dog to the park. For those who think they want this experience for work, Apple’s Magic Keyboard and Trackpad are compatible. For others, they just need gestures and eye controls to navigate along with voice commands and dictation. The headset itself has some controls, like a dial that reminds one of the Apple Watch, but there is no fiddling with the controls. Everything is so natural… or at least so it seems.While Apple makes it all look so simple, this is top-end tech. The fact that some 5000 patents have gone into the making of the hardware is proof of that. And it has also taken years. It is almost as if Apple started working on this when the first Oculus devices were showcased, but perfected it before it thought it was ready to be released. Even now the launch date is for next year. That is trademark Apple caution. And with a device like this, it is better to be safe than sorry, especially when you are betting your Siri on this.The price is not for everyone. But Apple is suggesting that this experience is what you will get when you invest in large 4K screens and home theatre rigs and that is maybe the price offset a lot of users will look at. So the big demand might come from the entertainment consumption space where people are now seeking the next big thing. Interestingly, Apple did not talk about gaming much with this device.Apple’s vision for Vision Pro is as a new surface for the experiences it has hooked its users to over the years. It is not a new experience that will take time to grow on users and could well be rejected. It is just a new computing device, a new surface (or the lack of it) to experience familiar things. Unlike Meta, Apple does not conjure up new worlds and avatars… it just breathes new life and scale to experiences we are used to. And that familiarity built into this new cutting-edge product could well be why this might just click as an idea.

Why has Byju’s sued its lenders, calling them ‘predatory’?
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Two tumultuous days at ed-tech giant Byju’s have culminated in the firm suing some of its lenders in the New York Supreme Court – on Monday (June 5), it failed to pay interest of $40 million on its term loan B of $1.2 billion, and the next day, it initiated legal action against the lenders, calling their tactics “high handed” and “predatory”.This is perhaps the first instance of an Indian start-up suing its own lenders after failing to pay the interest amount. Byju’s, the world’s most valuable ed-tech firm, has also decided to halt payment to the lenders. In particular, it accused US-based hedge fund Redwood of buying the company’s distressed debt “with the intent of making windfall gains”.In May, Byju’s lenders had filed a suit against the firm in a Delaware court, accusing it of defaulting on payments. Byju’s, however, has said that the defaults were “non-monetary and technical” and that the lenders used it as an excuse to take control of its US entity, Byju’s Alpha, and appoint their management.But how did it reach this stage?First, what is a term loan B?A term loan B, or In TLB, is a debt instrument through which start-ups raise money that allows for a flexible repayment of their dues to creditors. Generally, borrowers are not required to pay the principal amount upfront, and unlike a regular loan, can pay a large amount at the end of the loan period. This allows borrowers the flexibility to spend money and invest in growing their business.When did Byju’s raise such a loan?In November 2021 the firm raised $1.2 billion through a term loan from the overseas market. It raised the amount to fund general corporate purposes offshore, including supporting business growth in the North American market, which is a key to the firm’s global aspirations.This was before the company had filed its financial reports for FY’21 with the government – which it finally did after a delay of eighteen months. The numbers were dismal, signalling a cash crunch at the company, later compounded by a weak market owing to geopolitical tensions and rate increases.As per its FY’21 results, Byju’s lost more than Rs 12 crore everyday. It posted a revenue of Rs 2,428 crore as its losses in the fiscal rose 17-fold to over Rs 4,500 crore, the highest ever posted by an Indian start-up.Why has Byju’s initiated legal action against its lenders?In a statement, Byju’s said that on March 3, the lenders “unlawfully” accelerated the TLB on account of certain alleged non-monetary and technical defaults.“On the back of this unconscionable acceleration of the TLB, the TLB lenders undertook unwarranted enforcement measures including seizing control of Byju’s Alpha and appointing its own management. Not resting content with this, the TLB lenders (acting through their agent, GLAS Trust Company) commenced litigation in Delaware in an attempt to lend credence to these actions,” the company said.In the Delaware proceedings, the TLB lenders attempted to deprive Byju’s of its contractual right to ‘disqualify’ lenders engaged primarily in opportunistic trades, the firm said, claiming that the Delaware court rejected this attempt, ruling that the TLB lenders “have not demonstrated either irreparable harm or the balance of the harms as required to support a provision restraining” this contractual right of Byju’s.Despite this, Byju’s claimed, the lenders continued to conduct themselves in a “high-handed manner”. It said that they issued a notice demanding immediate payment of the entire amount under the TLB, “despite knowing that this purported acceleration was under challenge before the court”.“The TLB lenders’ agent has even refused to provide identities of the TLB lenders to Byju’s – something Byju’s is entitled to under the TLB. Additionally, the TLB lenders have consistently taken measures to smear Byju’s reputation. At the same time, Redwood – a lender known to primarily trade in distressed debt – consistently increased its exposure by acquiring a sizable stake in the TLB with the intent of making windfall gains,” the company added.

Why has Byju’s sued its lenders, calling them ‘predatory’?
CO2 levels hit new record, now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial times
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have recorded a new high, with the monthly average in May touching 424 parts per million, a new update from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of the United States said.The current concentrations are now more than 50 per cent higher than the pre-industrial times, it said.Carbon dioxide is the most common among greenhouse gases responsible for causing global warming that is leading to climate change. Other major greenhouse gases are methane, nitrous oxide, a set of fluorinated gases like HFCs and HCFCs, and ozone. Carbon dioxide, generated during the process of burning fossil fuels, accounts for over 70 per cent of all human-induced greenhouse gas emissions.The NOAA update said the average monthly concentration in May this year was about 3 parts per million higher than May of last year.Scientists have been able to estimate carbon dioxide concentration levels till about 400,000 years in the past, mainly through the study of polar ice cores that have remained unchanged for millions of years. In this period, CO2 concentrations have remained around 200 ppm during the ice ages, and about 280 ppm during the warmer inter-glacial periods.But since the middle of last century, CO2 levels have remained at unprecedented levels and have been rising rapidly. In May of 1990, the year that is generally considered as the start of a phase of climate awareness and response, monthly average concentrations of CO2 was around 357 ppm, according to data from the Mauna Loa Observatory in the United States which has been making direct observations of carbon dioxide and other gases since the 1950s.The monthly average crossed the 400 ppm mark for the first time in May 2013. Data shows that the concentrations were growing at less than 1 ppm per year in the decade between 1960 and 1970, but this rate of growth has increased to nearly 2.5 ppm per year after 2010. This year it has grown by 3 ppm.

CO2 levels hit new record, now more than 50% higher than pre-industrial times
Woman taken to see ‘Kerala Story’ by BJP’s Pragya Thakur ‘elopes’ with man from another faith
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

A 19-year-old woman from Bhopal, who was taken to watch The Kerala Story by BJP MP Pragya Singh Thakur in an attempt to dissuade her from continuing her relationship with a 27-year-old Muslim man, has gone missing from home and is thought to have eloped with him.Local police are on the lookout for the couple after the woman’s mother filed a missing complaint.Members of the man’s family have said they fear reprisals and that they would not welcome the woman into their household.The woman’s family said she went missing on May 15, when she left home after locking her family members inside the house. They also claimed Rs 70,000 in cash, as well as gold and silver jewellery, is missing.A missing report was filed on May 19, but the matter gained public attention Monday.The SHO of Bhopal’s Kamla Nagar police station, Anil Bajpai, told The Indian Express that there was a previous instance in which the woman had been thought to have gone missing, but she had then told police that she had gotten married of her own free will and that she wanted to live with her husband. On the latest missing complaint filed by the woman’s mother, Bajpai said, “We are currently trying to track the missing woman and will record her version, following which future course of action will be taken.”The man has “seven-eight criminal cases against him for getting into fights in his locality”, the officer said. Bajpai said he does not know whether the woman had watched The Kerala Story with Pragya Singh Thakur.The 27-year-old man’s father had, in January, taken out a signed affidavit and advertised in newspapers that he had legally disowned his son.“I was tired of my son’s antics. He would fight with the locals, and would come home inebriated and create a ruckus. I used to stand surety for my son, but one day I just gave up. He is no son of mine. Now, because of his antics, my whole family is under threat,” he said.The man’s family got to know about the relationship eight months ago, when they spotted the two walking together in the locality. “We were scared because the woman belonged to a different community. So, we sent a message through some common friends (to the woman’s family). We told them to please look after their daughter. We don’t want her to marry our son,” the man’s mother said.According to the complaint by the woman’s mother, she had previously gone missing on May 11. When the family had tried to lodge a complaint with the police, the woman “turned up in a burqa” and told her family that she had married the man, the complaint claims.On May 15, she went missing again after locking her family members in the house, the complaint states.Sitting in the Bhopal Police Commissioner’s office in the hope of meeting the officer, the woman’s 48-year-old father said, “We tried everything to keep our daughter away from a history-sheeter. But she refused to listen.”Ever since being tipped-off by the man’s family, the woman’s family has been trying to get her to end the relationship and marry someone else.On May 11, they took her for counselling at the Gauravi One-Stop Crisis Centre, which was set up by the Madhya Pradesh government to help women victims of violence.“We took our daughter to local counsellors… At the counselling centre, my daughter removed her jewellery and handed it to us, saying that she didn’t want anything to do with us. She even threatened to commit suicide if she was not allowed to be with that man,” said the girl’s mother (45).After the counselling session, the woman went missing for the first time, according to the family. However, she was soon found.Later, the family decided to take her for a counselling session with BJP MP Thakur.A source close to Thakur told The Indian Express, “The family had approached Sadhvi ji for counselling. She (the 19-year-old) was refusing to marry according to her parents’ wishes. Sadhvi ji spent a whole day, leaving all her work, and spoke to the woman. The woman then promised to leave that man. The very next day, Sadhvi ji took the woman, along with several other women from the area, to watch The Kerala Story at a movie theatre… When Sadhvi ji got to know about the news (of the woman’s disappearance) she became very upset. We won’t do anything in this incident, as it is now under the domain of the police.”The man’s family said they remain anxious about the potential consequences of the relationship. “Her family has been threatening us. We will not accept the woman into our household,” his sister claimed.

Woman taken to see ‘Kerala Story’ by BJP’s Pragya Thakur ‘elopes’ with man from another faith
Why almonds and walnuts are safest nuts for diabetics
The Indian Express | 3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm
The Indian Express
3 days ago | 07-06-2023 | 01:45 pm

Can you guess one food group which is high in protein, “good” fats, antioxidants and fibre? And has been shown to be good for controlling diabetes and heart health? The answer is “nuts.” A useful snack with all these properties, are all nuts the same and can you have as many nuts as you like? Let’s try to find some answers.What are nuts?Tree nuts are dry fruits with one seed in which the ovary wall becomes hard at maturity. The most popular edible tree nuts in India are almonds, cashews, walnuts and pistachios. Peanuts, which actually are groundnuts or legumes, are widely identified as part of the nut food group and have a similar nutrient profile to tree nuts. Nuts have long been a part of human diets, appreciated for their taste, flavour and crunchy texture.Nutritional Properties of NutsFats: Nuts are rich in monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats, including Omega-3 and Omega-6 fatty acids. These fats play a vital role in heart health, reducing LDL cholesterol levels and lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases. They have a high total fat content, ranging from 46 per cent in cashews and pistachios to 76 per cent in macadamia nuts. Walnuts are a vegetarian source of Omega-3 fats, the kind found in flax, hemp and chia seeds.Proteins: One of the challenges vegetarians face is getting adequate protein from their diet. Nuts are an excellent vegetarian source of protein. One serving is just a handful (30 gms) and contains 6-7 grams of protein, which is equivalent to that provided by one egg or one medium (250 ml) glass of milk. Proteins are essential for our growth and development, muscle strength, cellular repair and numerous other bodily functions.Fibre: Nuts have generous amounts of dietary fibre, which aids in digestion, regulates blood sugar levels and promotes satiety. A high-fibre diet has been linked to a reduced risk of obesity, diabetes and certain types of cancer. One serving (30 gm) usually contains 3-4 gm of fibre.Vitamins and Minerals: Nuts are a source of vitamins and minerals, including vitamin E, magnesium, phosphorus and potassium. Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage, while minerals are crucial for maintaining healthy bones, muscles and nerve function.Calories: Because of their fat content, nuts are high in calories, which is why the recommended portion size is a small handful (30 g). This quantity of nuts generally contains around 180-200 kcals.Are nuts good options for those with diabetes?Due to their high protein and fibre content, nuts like almonds and walnuts have a low glycemic index. So they don’t cause sharp spikes in blood glucose and may slow down its release when taken with carbohydrate-rich meals. They provide satiety and tame hunger pangs which help in controlling glucose as well as weight.Several studies indicate that nuts may reduce the risk of heart disease in people with diabetes, possibly via their beneficial effects on bad (LDL)cholesterol. One large study involving 16,217 people with diabetes suggested that consuming 28 gm of nuts five times a week reduced the risk of developing heart disease (Circulation Research, 2019). Walnuts, almonds, Brazil nuts, hazelnuts and pistachios were the most beneficial.In general nuts have antioxidant properties, and are rich in vitamins and minerals, which can help in reducing tissue damage due to diabetes. Some studies have suggested that nuts may reduce the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. In the ‘Nurses Health Study,’ consumption of >2 servings of walnuts per week was associated with a 24 per cent lower risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. This effect, however, remains to be conclusively proven.Other studies have suggested that nuts may be linked to improved cognitive function and reduce age-related degeneration, although the evidence is weakDespite all the favourable evidence regarding nuts, it is important to remember that they are calorie rich, and portion size is crucial, particularly for those with diabetes. All of us will have to be careful that we do not take more than 15-20 gm carbs in one snack. One serving of nuts is generally 28-30 gm. In general, it is beneficial to consume about one serving daily.How should one have nuts?Eating whole nuts is the best way. Since they are high in calories, make sure you replace an unhealthy food item (for example biscuits, chips or namkeens) with them. You must make sure that they are not fried, salted or coated. For people with diabetes, nuts are an excellent option for a mid-morning or evening snack.Alternatively, you could crush or chop nuts and sprinkle them over healthy food items like salads or yogurt. Adding them to your morning milk and cereal will make it a neat nutritional packet. Consuming them with fruits is also a good option. Nuts provide the protein that fruits lack.Nuts can be used in cooking too. Use of nut butter like peanut butter is a better option than regular butter or oil, since it provides protein and good fat rather than saturated fat. When choosing your nut butter, make sure it has no added oil. As mentioned, one has to maintain a calorie balance. Don’t go nuts over nuts!Nutritional content of 100 gm nuts (one serving is usually 30 gm)PeanutsCalories 567Almonds Calories- 579 PistachiosCalories 560 Cashews Calories 553protein: 18.22 g*20% saturated but from cholesterol neutral stearic acidWalnutsCalories 654

Why almonds and walnuts are safest nuts for diabetics